XCR1250

https://www.carscoops.com/2023/03/toyota-to-continue-hydrogen-development-despite-shifting-main-focus-to-evs/

https://www.thedrive.com/news/toyotas-hydrogen-dreams-are-attracting-major-ice-tech-suppliers

who's running the country.MOV

Look it up, autos & pickups too.

Yes, all over the World..search Google or Bing.

Cummins Newsroom: CAN AN ENGINE RUN ON HYDROGEN? Jun 09, 2023 by Jim Nebergall, General Manager of the Hydrogen Engine Business Your hydrogen questions answered Companies working to achieve their decarbonization goals are increasingly interested in hydrogen engines. Over the past year, leading companies like Tata Motors, Buhler Industries and Werner Enterprises have expressed interest in Cummins 15-liter hydrogen engine. More leading companies can take advantage of hydrogen-powered solutions to decarbonize as these technologies become more cost-friendly and widely available. IS THERE AN ENGINE THAT RUNS ON HYDROGEN? Yes. Hydrogen internal combustion engines (hydrogen ICE) work similarly to diesel engines. Hydrogen is burned in the same way a traditional internal combustion engine burns gasoline or diesel. Hydrogen engines have near zero emissions, and they don’t emit soot or volatile organic compounds. In fact, hydrogen engines can deliver over 99% reduction in carbon emissions compared to diesel. It’s considered a zero-carbon technology. Cummins is leading the way in the transportation industry with its hydrogen internal combustion engines. These engines are being developed with current vehicle designs in mind and aim to make the transition to hydrogen simple for OEMs and their customers. Cummins’ fuel-agnostic platform includes both a 15-liter and 6.7-liter hydrogen engine. This offers the benefits of a common-base architecture and low-to-zero carbon fuel capability. So, will we ever see a hydrogen truck anytime soon? The 15-liter hydrogen internal combustion engine is expected to reach full production in 2027. To date, Cummins has debuted two hydrogen ICE concept trucks. One was a heavy-duty concept truck featuring the X15H, and the other was a medium-duty concept truck powered by the B6.7H. Both concepts truck replicates a feasible vehicle production and demonstrates an easy integration fit with no impact on payload or space requirements. The heavy-duty truck is expected to have an operating range of more than 500 miles and reach 500 HP. It has a 700 bar pressure 80kg high-capacity hydrogen storage system. This medium-duty engine is expected to reach around 290 HP and 1200Nm peak torque. Cummins is aiming for similar performance characteristics of a diesel engine that are compatible with existing transmissions, drivelines and cooling packages. DO HYDROGEN ENGINES NEED SPARK PLUGS? Yes. Hydrogen ICE needs spark plugs. The hydrogen combustion process is similar to engines that use natural gas, or gasoline. Hydrogen is stored in high-pressure tanks and is fed into the engine's combustion chamber where it is mixed with air. A spark plug ignites the mix, which rapidly combusts. The pressure created in the combustion chamber moves the pistons, which drives the crankshaft, causing a rotating motion. Because of the need for spark plugs, it is crucial to follow the recommended maintenance intervals, which may differ from those of diesel vehicles. CAN DIESEL ENGINES RUN ON HYDROGEN? No. While vehicles with diesel ICEs share a lot in common with hydrogen ICEs, a diesel ICE cannot run on hydrogen alone. Diesel ICEs operate on a compression-ignition cycle, and thus, feature no spark plugs. Whereas, hydrogen ICEs operate on a spark-ignition, and as such, require spark plugs to ignite fuel. Additionally, H2-ICEs incorporate a number of features that are required for safe and efficient operation. This includes high-pressure storage tanks which undergo rigorous industry standard testing and certification. Cummins and NPROXX announced a joint venture to deliver industry-leading hydrogen storage options. The two engines also have very different exhaust aftertreatment systems. A diesel ICE exhaust system is designed to reduce NOx and particulate matter emissions. In contrast, a hydrogen ICE exhaust system is simpler because of the lower NOx and virtually no particulate matter emissions. WHAT ARE THE SIMILARITIES BETWEEN DIESEL AND HYDROGEN ENGINES? Diesel and hydrogen engines do have similarities, though. To take full advantage of the similarity between these engines and to create optimal solutions for its customers, Cummins is developing fuel-agnostic engine platforms. These platforms consist of a base engine architecture around which a set of engines optimized for different fuels can be built. Each engine will then operate using a single fuel. This approach makes it easier for OEMs to offer versions of the same vehicle operating on different fuels. End-users operating mixed-fuel fleets also benefit from using engines derived from the same platform. The high degree of parts commonality, for example, makes it easier to manage parts inventory and communize on maintenance practices. Customer interest in hydrogen engines is growing. Companies and fleets that use Cummins’ fuel-agnostic engine technology will be well-positioned to transition to a hydrogen-powered fleet as hydrogen fuel becomes a more widely available. Though hydrogen vehicles will use different fueling systems and onboard storage for hydrogen, mechanics and drivers will already have some familiarity with the engines. This journey to adopting hydrogen-fueled vehicles is much more economical than starting from scratch. Cummins stands ready to partner with customers interested in transitioning to hydrogen-powered vehicles and helping them decarbonize and achieve their environmental goals.

Steve Hench · Former Chief Scientist, Alternative Energy Solutions at SAIC (2008–2011)7y Can you run car engine 100% on hydrogen? Yes you can. Engines can be modified to operate on 100% H2.

That will chance to all ICE, takes time..some years back Mother Earth Magazine built an Vehicle burning Hydrogen, no electricity at all, I still have the magazine here.

It's the coming thing, it will happen whether you like it or not EV's will die out and Hydrogen will be the thing for ICE vehicles. Trillions of tons of buried hydrogen: Clean energy gold rush begins

https://www.snopes.com/fact-check/mysterious-object-mars/

Actually Shell is more interested in Oil & Gas at the moment. https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2024/feb/26/shell-climate-tech-startup-onward-oil-gas-jobs-greenwashing

https://www.vox.com/scotus/2024/2/28/24086046/supreme-court-donald-trump-sabotage-delay-dc-trial-judge-chutkan

https://www.ndtv.com/world-news/us-2024-elections-donald-trump-michelle-obama-top-contender-to-replace-joe-biden-as-presidential-candidate-5141088

ENERGY Trillions of tons of buried hydrogen: Clean energy gold rush begins By Loz Blain Hundreds of years' worth of cleaner-than-green hydrogen energy is sitting in rock deposits and exploitable like natural gas. A new gold hydrogen rush is starting VIEW 2 IMAGES There's enough natural hydrogen trapped underground to meet all projected demands for hundreds of years. An unpublished report by the US Geological Survey identifies it as a new primary resource, and fires the starter pistol on a new gold rush. The "black gold" oil rush in the US started in 1859, when one Edwin Drake drove a stake into the Pennsylvania soil and oil started flowing out. The gold hydrogen rush may have a similar moment to point back to; in 1987, as one Mamadou Ngulo Konaré tells the story, well diggers gave up on a 108-m (354-ft) deep dry borehole, but he and other villagers in Bourakébougou, Mali, noticed that wind was blowing out of it. When one of the drillers looked in, smoking a cigarette, it blew up in his face, causing severe burns as well as a huge fire. That fire, as Science quoted Konaré, burned "like blue sparking water, and did not have black smoke pollution. The color of the fire at night was like shining gold." It took weeks to put the fire out and plug the hole, but subsequent analysis showed the gas coming out was 98% pure hydrogen. Celebratory mangos were served. Some years later, a little 30 kW Ford generator was hooked up, and Bourakébougou became the first village in the world to enjoy the benefits of clean, naturally occurring hydrogen as a green energy source. A company called Petroma (now Hydroma) placed the world's first zero-emissions, natural hydrogen-powered generator in Bourakébougou, Mali, back in 2012 Hydroma We've spent so much time over the last several years covering new ways to generate green hydrogen using renewable energy – it's a highly promising clean fuel with all sorts of applications. Stored as a cryogenic liquid or a pressurized gas, it can be burned as a hydrocarbon fuel replacement with relatively minor modifications to normal combustion engines. It can also be run through a fuel cell to generate electricity, acting like a liquid/gaseous battery of sorts. But in general, to produce it, you need lots of fresh water – about 9 l (2 gallons) of water for every 1 kilogram (2.2 lb) of hydrogen you produce. And the electrolysis process, while improving, is still lossy. So every time you divert precious renewable energy away from the grid to produce hydrogen, you're throwing some percentage away. That does feel a little wasteful given the massively growing power demands that power grids worldwide need to satisfy while also getting rid of the cheap, easy, dirty energy sources of the past. Hydrogen is such a pain to store at atmospheric pressures that perhaps the idea of geologic hydrogen, trapped in the rocks under our feet like natural gas, hasn't crossed people's minds; perhaps it was assumed that naturally occurring hydrogen molecules would wriggle their way through solid rock to escape into the atmosphere, as they sometimes do in storage containers, or that they'd been consumed by microbes. Perhaps it was simply never seen as that valuable a resource until the relatively recent pivot toward clean transport, clean energy and zero carbon emissions by 2050. Either way, the situation has now changed, big time. Geoffrey Ellis, of the US Geological Survey, has been investigating the global potential of geo-locked "gold" hydrogen as a new primary resource. In a Denver meeting of the American Association for the Advancement of Science, he previewed the results of an as-yet unpublished study, according to the Financial Times. In short, there are as many as 5.5 trillion tons of hydrogen in underground reservoirs worldwide. It may have ben generated by the interaction of certain iron-rich minerals with subterranean water. In some cases, it may be mixed in with other gases such as methane, from which it would need to be separated. But it's there, in such extraordinary quantities that analysts are expecting a gold hydrogen rush at a global scale. Did you know that hydrogen can be natural? Promo video by Natural Hydrogen Energy LLC It may not be super easy to get to: "Most hydrogen is likely inaccessible," Ellis told the Financial Times. "But a few per cent recovery would still supply all projected demand – 500 million tonnes a year – for hundreds of years." Gold hydrogen won't won't hog renewable energy like electrolyzers, or divert it away from other decarbonization opportunities. In that sense, you could argue it'll have the potential to be significantly greener than green hydrogen. On the other hand, if tapping it releases methane into the atmosphere, that's a serious issue; methane is around 85 times more powerful a greenhouse gas than carbon dioxide over a 20-year time frame. Resources companies haven't been looking for hydrogen for long, so they're only just beginning to find it and work out how to cleanly and efficiently extract it. But the opportunities here are absolutely immense, and already attracting serious investment. Over the coming months and years, we'd expect to hear plenty more about the technology and techniques involved. Source: Financial Times

YUK!

Hybrids, gas vehicles fuel legacy automakers' shares past EV rivals Nathan Gomes Tue, February 27, 2024 at 10:36 AM CST·2 min read FILE PHOTO: A banner for the all-new Ford F-150 Lightning electric pickup truck is seen outside the Rouge Electric Vehicle Center By Nathan Gomes (Reuters) - Shares of legacy automakers have outpaced their electric counterparts over the last few weeks, as investors respond to company decisions to prioritize higher-margin, gas-powered models instead of pure battery vehicles. Automakers, including Ford Motor , General Motors, Mercedes, have scaled back on their ambitious EV plans. Electric vehicle demand has slowed of late, suggesting the transition away from traditional internal combustion engine vehicles will take longer than expected. Shares of EV pioneer Tesla surpassed legacy automakers for the last few years, making it the world's most valuable car company by market capitalization. But the Elon Musk-led company's shares are down nearly 20% this year after it warned of slower adoption of EVs. In contrast, GM, Stellantis have climbed about 10% this year. Toyota is up 38% as the Japanese automaker has favored hybrid vehicles over EVs in the last few years. "Legacy automakers are responding to consumer behavior and market conditions which very clearly show a lack of interest in most battery EV models," CFRA analyst Garrett Nelson said. Part of the challenge for EV makers is that manufacturing and development costs, spurred by pandemic-era supply chain disruptions, have gone up even as their sales have suffered. Competition in the sector, especially from cheaper Chinese EV brands, has also heated up. In February, Ford and GM executives said that they would consider partnerships to cut EV technology costs to counter Chinese rivals in the U.S. and European markets. Additionally, higher ownership costs of new vehicles and some models losing the federal tax credits, coupled with increased borrowing rates, have deterred buyers from considering new EVs and hanging on to their ageing vehicles. EV-only manufacturers, apart from Tesla, have also seen their stock fall. Lucid has tumbled nearly 25% this year, while Rivian's shares have nearly halved. Tesla's stock has a price-to-equity ratio of nearly 61 versus GM's 4.45. "EV fueling is more expensive, though of course it's not uncommon for new technologies to be more expensive than their traditional counterparts," said Anderson Economic Group author Patrick Anderson. Hertz, the largest U.S. fleet operator of EVs, in January said it was dumping 20,000 EVs, including Teslas for gas-powered cars, citing high repair costs and weak demand for the vehicles it offers on rent. "We think it's probably going to be at least another couple of years before a legacy automaker puts out a profitable EV," Nelson said. The bumpy economic scenario and a Tesla-initiated price war also led legacy automakers to lower prices even more, cutting into already battered margins from those vehicles.

I figured you meant a speaker, just teasing. I know a Guy in SE Wisconsin that has some kind of Cell Phone signal blocker/Jammer that he says he has used when people are on their Cell Phones while driving, says it works perfectly.

What's a "Big Bass"? Large Mouth or Smallie?

Had 1 accident in 1966 or '67, never had any tickets except $24 one for burning rubber in 1969.

https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/movies/movie-news/horizon-trailer-kevin-costner-interview-1235833998/

Condoms

Think I got it: Pic of me & Sam from 1967.

Trying that now..it now says copying from "fax" to "fax" Is it Ctrl+A then copy Ctrl-C, open docs then Ctrl-V Plus then minus as you wrote?